Imboni yesikrini se-LED ikhule kakhulu futhi manje isithathwa njengomunye wemikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu nethembisayo emakethe yomhlaba. Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED buyingxenye ebalulekileIzikrini ze-LEDezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yokubukisa. Ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele ubuhlalu besibani se-LED, kubalulekile ukucabangela izibalo ezingaphakathi embonini.
Usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke yobuhlalu besibani se-LED kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ngo-9.6%, ufinyelele ezigidini ezingama-240.9 USD ngo-2028, usuka kumazinga ka-2022. Lokhu kukhula okuphawulekayo kugqamisa indima ebalulekile edlalwa lobu buhlalu bezibani embonini yesikrini se-LED.
Uma uhlela ukutshala imali kuzibonisi ze-LED, ukuqonda ubuhlalu besibani se-LED kubalulekile. Qiniseka ukuthi uphinde uhlole izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobuhlalu be-LED obutholakalayo.
Buyini ubuhlalu besibani se-LED?
Ukuqonda incazelo yobuhlalu bezibani kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuqaphela indima edlalwa yilezi zingxenye kuzikrini ze-LED. Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED, obaziwa nangokuthi ama-chips e-LED noma ama-emitters, ama-semiconductors amancane lawo mandlaImikhiqizo ye-LEDnjengezibonisi ze-LED. Lawa ma-semiconductors anika amandla ama-LED ukuthi akhiphe ukukhanya futhi ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ezifana nalezi:
- I-Arsenic
- iGaliyu
- Phosphorus
Umbala okhishwe yi-LED uncike ezintweni ezisetshenziswa ku-semiconductor. Imibala evamile ihlanganisa obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lobu buhlalu belambu le-LED buwukhiye wezikrini ze-LED ezisebenza kahle. Ziza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njenge:
- Unxande
- Isikwele
- Umjikelezo
- I-lateral
- I-Micro
- Ubuso obukhanyayo
Ubuhlalu besibani ngabunye bunokuxhumana okubili okuhambisana nezindleko ezinhle nezingezinhle ku-semiconductor. I-anode ithwala inani eliqondile, kuyilapho i-cathode ithwala icala elibi. Ungakwazi ukubona kalula lezi zimpawu (+) kanye (-) nezimpawu ezigxivizwe kuzo.
Izinhlobo Zezindlela Zokucubungula Ubuhlalu be-LED
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED bucutshungulwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ezingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwabo nokuba negalelo kwikhwalithi yezibonisi ze-LED. Ngokuvamile, ambozwe nge-diffuser noma ilensi, okuvumela i-semiconductor ukuthi ilawule izici ezifana nokuqina nesiqondiso sokukhanya. Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED ngokuvamile bufakwe ku-aPCB (Printed Circuit Board).
Izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokucubungula ubuhlalu be-LED i-DIP (I-Direct In-line Package),I-SMD (Surface-mount Diodes), futhiI-COB (I-Chip On Board). Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo mayelana nokusebenza, izindleko, kanye nokusetshenziswa.
I-DIP (Iphakheji Elikumugqa Oqondile)
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED obusetshenziswa endleleni ye-DIP buyancipha kakhulu emakethe nasembonini yesikrini se-LED. Nokho, basanikeza izinzuzo nezici eziningana:
- Ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle
- Ukukhanya okuphezulu
- Ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu
- Ibanga elincane lokubuka (H/V 120/60 degrees)
I-SMD (Surface-mount Diodes)
Indlela yokucubungula ye-SMD idume kakhulu kuzo zonke izindlela zobuhlalu besibani se-LED, ikakhulukazi embonini yokubonisa i-LED. Ezinye izici ezijwayelekile zama-SMD zifaka:
- Ukucubungula okulula futhi okulula
- Amanani angabizi kakhulu
- I-engeli yokubuka ebanzi (H/V 120/120 degrees)
- Itholakala ngosayizi abancane
I-COB (I-Chip On Board)
Okokugcina, i-Chip On Board (COB) ibhekisela endleleni yokucubungula lapho ubuhlalu besibani se-LED bubekwe ngokuqondile ebhodini lesifunda, ngokungafani nendlela evamile lapho ama-chips e-LED abekwe kusokhethi. Le ndlela yaziwa ngokulandelayo:
- Isibizo se-Glop-top
- Ukufakwa kahle kwe-chip
- Ukuvikelwa kokuxhumana kwayo
Izici Zobuhlalu besibani se-LED
Lapho uqonda ubuhlalu besibani se-LED, kunezici ezithile ama-chips ajwayelekile abelana ngazo:
- Ukuhlelwa komugqa we-chip
- I-Lightweight (ephansi njengo-1 mg nge-LED ngayinye)
- Indawo ephethwe inkungu
- Ukukhanya kwesikrini okuthambile
- Ukupakishwa okumnyama kwe-RGB
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED vs. I-LED (Ama-Diodes akhipha ukukhanya)
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED nama-diode akhipha ukukhanya (ama-LED) kuyizingxenye ezihlobene kodwa ezihlukile, ezinezici ezithile ezabiwe kanye nomehluko oyinhloko. Nasi ukuqhathanisa izici zabo:
| Izici | Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED | Ama-Diodes akhipha ukukhanya (LED) |
|---|---|---|
| I-semiconductor | Yebo | Yebo |
| Shaja | Okuhle | Okuhle |
| Amandla kagesi | Ukuhlehla ukuhlukana | Ukuhlehla ukuhlukana |
| Ukukhanya | Ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo okuphezulu | Ukusebenza kahle okuphansi |
| Ukuzwela Kagesi | Ukuzwela kakhulu kwamanje | Ayizweli kangako okwamanje |
| Uhlobo Lokufaka | I-SMD | I-plug-in |
Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED buvame ukusetshenziswa ekubonisweni kwe-LED ngenxa yezinzuzo eziningi ezinikezayo. Nazi ezinye zezinzuzo ongazilindela.
I-Micro-Spacing
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED busetshenziswa kakhulu kuzikrini ze-LED ezinezikhala ezincane, ikakhulukazi izibonisi ezidinga ukukhanya okuphezulu nokusebenza okungenamthungo. Lobu buhlalu buthole ukuduma kwe-micro-spaceizikrini ze-LED zasendlini.
Ukuvumelana
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED buhlinzeka ngokukhanya okungaguquki, ibhalansi emhlophe, namazinga e-chromaticity. Ngokungafani nezinye izikrini ze-LED ezingase zibonise amaleveli okukhanya ahlukene ukusuka kuma-engeli ahlukahlukene, lezo ezinikwe amandla ubuhlalu besibani zigcina ukufana kuso sonke isibonisi.
Ukubuka I-Engeli-Dependent
Uma ukhetha ubuhlalu besibani se-LED, i-angle yokubuka iwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile.Izibonisi ze-LED zangaphandlezidinga i-engeli yokubuka ebanzi, ngakho-ke ubuhlalu kufanele bunikeze ukukhanya okulinganayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nale mfuneko.
Usayizi
Usayizi wesibonisi se-LED uthonywa ukusetshenziswa kobuhlalu besibani. Zifanele ikakhulukazi izikrini ezincane, zasendlini, okuzenza zilungele ukusetha okudinga ukuboniswa okuhlangene nokusebenza kahle.
Ubude bempilo
Izibonisi ze-LED zisebenzisa ubuhlalu bezibani zenzelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunalezo ezinezinye izinhlobo zama-semiconductors. Lezi zikrini zingahlala amahora angu-100,000, zinikeza ukuqina namandla ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esishisayo se-PCB esiqinile.
Isilinganiso Sokwehluleka
Izinga lokwehluleka kuzibonisi ze-LED ezinobuhlalu besibani liphansi ngokuphawulekayo. Ukukhubazeka okukodwa ezinkulungwaneni zamaphikseli (obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwesikrini sisonke, kodwa ubuhlalu besibani bunciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.
I-Anti-Static Amandla
Ubuhlalu besibani se-LED baziwa ngezindawo zabo zokulwa ne-static. Njengoba ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya ezwela kakhulu kugesi omile, ajwayele ukwehluleka. Kodwa-ke, ukumelana kobuhlalu besibani ku-static kunciphisa amathuba okuhluleka okuhlobene ne-static kusikrini se-LED.
Indlela yokufaka ubuhlalu besibani se-LED
Uma ufaka ubuhlalu besibani se-LED, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezifanele. Ungathembela kochwepheshe ukuze ufakwe, kodwa uma ukhetha ukuzenza ngokwakho, nansi inkomba elula:
- Khomba uhlobo lwendlela yokucubungula ubuhlalu besibani se-LED esetshenzisiwe.
- Hlola izintambo ezine ezifakwe kwisibani se-LED sohlobo lwe-patch.
- Maka izindawo eziyinhloko ezintanjeni (imvamisa ngemitha ngayinye) futhi usike ngokucophelela ezindaweni ezimakiwe (Okunye, ungacela ubuhlalu obunqunywe kusengaphambili kumhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokulethwa).
- Hlola ipulaki yokufaka bese ukhipha isembozo sepulasitiki kupulaki.
- Xhuma ilambu lokuhlola, kodwa gwema ukulimboza noma ukulixhuma ngqo kukhava.
- Qala ukufaka kahle ngokuvikela isokhethi lesibani.
- Faka ngokucophelela ubuhlalu besibani se-SMD usebenzisa ipulaki yomsila nesiqeshana.
Ungakhetha Kanjani Ubuhlalu Belambu Le-LED Ofanele
Ukukhetha ubuhlalu belambu le-LED obufanele kuhilela ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezinganquma ukuthi uzokwaneliseka ngesinqumo sakho noma uzisole. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ugcina une-LED esebenzayo nekhwalithi ephezulu, nanka amathiphu abalulekile:
- Qaphela ngokucophelela amalunga e-solder.
- Khetha i-chip ezinzile ukuze uqinisekise isikrini se-LED sekhwalithi ephezulu.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ingaphezulu lama-LED lihlanzekile, alinawo amabala, nokunye ukungcola.
- Hlola ikhwalithi yeglue esetshenziswa ebuhlalu besibani ngokucindezela ngobumnene kubo (iglue esezingeni eliphansi ingabangela ukuqhekeka noma ukuguqulwa).
- Ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha budlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kobuhlalu besibani sakho se-LED nezibonisi ezizenzayo.
- Thenga kuphela imikhiqizo kubahlinzeki abathembekile nabathembekile.
Isiphetho
Ukuqonda ubuhlalu besibani se-LED kungase kubonakale kunzima, kodwa ukwazi izingxenye zesibonisi sakho se-LED kungakusiza ukhethe izikrini zekhwalithi ephezulu futhi usebenzise amandla azo ngokugcwele. Lobu buhlalu buxhumene kakhulu nama-LED, kodwa akuwona ama-diode ngokwawo. Zingama-semiconductors anika amandla sonke isikrini se-LED futhi enze ama-diode akhiphe ukukhanya.
Uma ungaqiniseki ngokucwilisa ujule ebuhlalu besibani se-LED, lokho kulungile. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi unokuqonda okuyisisekelo ngazo, ngakho-ke uma sekuyisikhathi sokukhetha izibonisi zakho ze-LED, ungakala izinzuzo zazo kanye nokubi ngokuphumelelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-31-2024
